Method and Equipment for the Manufacture of Feed Pellets
The invention relates to the manufacture of pellets, in particular feed pellets, with the steps:
¨ C mixing of basic components of a pellet material mixture to a basic pellet mixture, and
¨ C presses the pellet basic mixture into pellets.
Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for the manufacture of feed pellets, aufweisend a device for making a pellet material mixture, and a press for pressing pellets of feed material from the pellet mix.
US-A-3932736 disclosed a procedure for the production of feed pellets, the grain ground, with other feed ingredients mixed with steam treated. With the steam treatment, the strength in the grain partly gelatiniert. Gelatinierung and toughness of the finished feed form by the moisture content of the grains affected. The resulting mash is a tool in a Pelletm ¹ hle extruded. The energy needed to drive Pelletm ¹ hle, by the moisture content of the pulp affected. When the pulp is too dry, more energy is required to secure the pellet to extrude and the feed ingredients are not linked, what a pellet is weak, particularly from the forehead to the bridge area Bruchst ¹ solve so-called "Attrition", or completely fall apart and so-called "Grus". Neither abrasion Grus still be eaten, and a loss dar.
DE 693 19 758 revealed a procedure in which the humidity of processed grain measured and establishment of a tax is collected, depending on the moisture measured an order of water on the grain in a Konditioniereinrichtung controls. In addition, the steering system controls the quantity of a surfactant to the water before applying added. The moisture content of the material continuously produced pellet mixture of grain, water and surfactant remains continuously about the same. To mix the pellet material under the lowest possible energy consumption in the Pelletm ¹ hle to extrude, it increases the moisture content. However, there are limits of acceptability in Germany to feed currently 14.5%, and will give a pellet, which is too moist, unstable, so wear and Grus.
DE 36 04 308 A1 relates to the manufacture of animal feed pellets from waste food industry. The wastes are first to a mass base mixed, crushed and sifted. Then, a carrier admitted the feed itself, a water compliance concentration. The carrier shall ensure that the basis of mass plastic consistency is workable, but still flowing, so that a Pelletisiereinrichtung numbers can be. Other additives are added. The mixture is pelletisiert. The pellets are dried.
DE 42 01 410 A1 disclosed a procedure for the manufacture of feed or pellets scattered resources with the steps; Häckseln of straw or hay, to moisten the Strohhäcksels with a damp binders on a f ¹ s a necessary Feuchtigkeitkeitsgehalt pelleting, and pelletising. The binding of the particles is taking advantage of the humidity, for example, by incorporation of water in front of the Press process introduced, which gives the straw ingredients swell. The binders are aggregates such as starch. The cell mass of wet straw and hay dust particles combine in the swollen state by the stamping process in a high-pressure each other.
A first task of this invention is a method for the manufacture of feed pellets, to create, in which feed pellets at a particularly low use of energy can be generated. A second task of the present invention is a device for making a pellet mix to create material from the feed pellets, a particularly low use of energy can be generated.
The invention solves the first task with a procedure for the manufacture of pellets, in particular feed pellets, with the steps:
¨ C mixing of basic components of a pellet material mixture to a basic pellet mixture;
¨ C clogging a pellet binder for basic mixture to the material mix pellet form, and
¨ C presses the pellet material mixture into pellets.
Prefers the invention includes the step procedure: Ansetzen a Kleistermischung. The Kleistermischung is in this exit ¹ hrungsform invention of the procedure binders. Under Kleistermischung is a mixture of ingredients which, after setting and possibly under special conditions, such as the expiry of a specified duration source and / or a prescribed temperature of the mixture, a special binding unfolded. For example, a mash, d.h. a pulp, the strength and water which, as Kleistermischung. The Kleistermischung points, in particular, a Stärkekleister to a system of the swollen starch grains in starch solution.
With the invention process can feed pellets at very low raw material and energy costs. In feed pellets from the pellet material mix with the added binders are abrasion and Grus particularly low, because the binding elements of the pellet mixture, in the invention process a basic pellet mixture forms in the mixture binds pellet material, in particular the binder binds the Elements after a fixed Aushärtdauer, making the feed pellets a particularly great resistance and a formation of Bruchst ¹ press is prevented. Thus, to create a certain amount of feed pellets required quantity of material pellet mixture is particularly low.
As components of the mixture pellet material suitable for example, cereal grains, the ground. The ground cereal grains are collected and water and possibly other ingredients in accordance with prescribed pellet formulation be added.
In the case of a failure of the invention ¹ hrungsform procedure involves prepare Kleistermischung: Together Give a strength substance, especially flour and water, and mixing the substance with a strength of the water at the Kleistermischung. The mixing of starch and water contains substance at a loss ¹ hrungsform: adding a weight part substance to a maximum strength f ¹ nf, preferably a maximum of four, especially preferred a maximum of three parts of water weight.
In the case of a failure ¹ hrungsform includes the mixing of substance and strength of water: promoting water in a cycle, and recording of strength substance in the water in the cycle. For instance, the strength substance as a powder, such as flour, in a Sch ¹ ttgutbehälter providing, from the container into the cycle in the water so umströmende z ¹ gig entered as the used Sch ¹ ttgutbehälter or a cable from the Sch ¹ ttgutbehälter to the circulation permit. In the case of a failure ¹ hrungsform runs the water during the Eintragens strength of the substance in the cycle at least twice, in particular f ¹ nfmal to f ¹ nfundzwanzigmal, preferably ten to f ¹ nfzehnmal. This circulation is a particularly uniform mixture of water with the strength of substance achieved, particularly in the well water in solution. It is at this exit ¹ hrungsform a temperature of Kleistermischung well-adjusted, for example, by Kleistermischung in one or more sections of the circuit heats.
In the case of a failure ¹ hrungsform includes the invention process further: Let the source Kleistermischung source during a specified period. After the prescribed period, the source material pellet mixture, which contains Kleistermischung, to the feed pellets.
The step of the preferred Quellenlassens includes: Between saving the Kleistermischung before the pellet Kleistermischung the basic mixture is added. In particular, the Kleistermischung substantially during the period specified source cached. After the interim storage is the Kleistermischung pellet with the basic mixture and mixed directly to the feed pellets further. Caching is at a loss ¹ hrungsform source in a tank or Sammeltank. In the case of a failure ¹ hrungsform the Kleistermischung in the tank at a specified temperature, preferably with time vorgebbar changed. As a permanent source, for example, a period of at least half an hour to about a week, particularly at least about three hours to about three days, especially at least about eight to sixteen hours specified. In an alternative exit ¹ hrungsform of the invention process is the Kleistermischung immediately after setting the Kleistermischung pellet with the basic mix of pellet material mixture mixed.
In the case of a failure ¹ hrungsform a temperature of the Kleistermischung the Ansetzen, especially when the strength of mixing the substance with water at a given temperature value, a ¹ bliche room temperature, especially 22 ãC ¹ bersteigt. The default value is about temperature between 30 ãC and 90 ãC, and preferably between 40 ãC and 70 ãC. For instance, the temperature of the Kleistermischung to about 50 ãC. Setting the temperature specified value includes an exit ¹ hrungsform: Beaufschlagen of water or Kleistermischung in the cycle of water vapor. The steam heats the water or the Kleistermischung in the cycle. If the water or the Kleistermischung the specified temperature is reached, the Beaufschlagen with water vapor reduced or interrupted, as long as the temperature of the water or Kleistermischung not substantially lower than the specified temperature drops, or the Beaufschlagen with water vapor is stopped.
Especially preferred is the clogging of Kleistermischung before pressing the material pellet mix. Because in this case, the recovery of the pellet mix material such as the leakage through a press a press channel is particularly low, because the lubricant does Kleistermischung as the sliding of pellet mix material increased. It is an energy loss due to reduced friction and the necessary energy to low pressure. At the entrance of pellet material mix in the press, the Kleistermischung material in the pellet mixture in a special binding so that a pressure on the pellet material mix, a Auseinanderfallen or Abbröckeln of the press pressed feed pellets to prevent, as compared with traditional methods reduced is.
In the case of a failure ¹ hrungsform the procedure is the clogging of the binder, in particular the Kleistermischung during the Intertwined the basic components of material pellet mix. This exit ¹ hrungsform the binder as long as possible before pressing the material pellet mixture to feed pellets added, without the manufacturing process to delay so that the binder to the most pressing long period of time to his old Del binding remains, why the resistance the pellet material presses the mixture of feed pellets is particularly high and the required amount of pressure Press impacted particularly low.
In a hrungsform ¹ exit procedures, the step to the effect that the pellet basic molasses mixture. The clogging of the binder, in particular the Kleistermischung, for example, is immediately before or during the pellet basic molasses mixture. The basic pellet with the molasses mixture and the binder are invited to the pellet material mixture mixed. For example, the Kleistermischung immediately after setting the pellet Kleistermischung the basic mixture added that immediately after the clogging Kleistermischung molasses and with the Kleistermischung pellet material to the mix is mixed.
In a hrungsform ¹ exit procedures, the step to the effect that the pellet mixture basic conditions. The pellet basic mixture is conditioned by water, for example fl ¹ ssig as fog or steam, to the basic pellet mixture is applied. The clogging of the binder, in particular the Kleistermischung made, for example, while the pellet mixture basic conditions. The pellet basic mixture and the binder are invited to the pellet material mixture mixed. The conditioning comes shortly before pressing the material pellet mixture to feed pellets. If the binder acts as a lubricant and the sliding of pellet material mixture increases, it ¹ exit in this hrungsform the presses at work aufzuwendende particularly low.
In a preferred exit ¹ hrungsform of the invention process is the added binder, in particular the Kleistermischung, with the pellet mixture basic dynamic mix. When the dynamic mixing tends pellet mixture less fundamental to the formation of lumps and the binder will be better distributed. It is a particularly smooth mixing of the basic pellet mixture with the binder, so the resulting pellet material particularly homogenous mixture konditionierbar and easily expandable.
In the case of a failure ¹ hrungsform of the invention process is the basic pellet mix before vorverdichtet conditioning and the binder is added during the Vorverdichtens. This exit ¹ hrungsform the binder during the conditioning particularly evenly with the mixture basic pellet mix.
In a preferred exit ¹ hrungsform the pellet material mix before pressing for feed pellets cached. This exit ¹ hrungsform is a very simple optimization of the binding of the binder material in the pellet mix possible because of Zwischenspeicherns a period during which the binding around the Kleistermischung pellet material in the mix unfolded, adjustable. In addition, different processing speeds of mixing and pressing through the Zwischenspeicherns compensated.
The feed pellets at a loss ¹ hrungsform after pressing for example, a room temperature gek ¹ elected. The pellets can be fodder for removal in a Sch ¹ ttgutbehälter collect. In the case of a failure ¹ hrungsform the feed pellets to a Abpackstation abgefördert to attend the Abpackstation around in bags for distribution to be packed.
The steps of the invention process can be grouped so that the process breaks with time expires. For instance, the seeds for a first time ground, and the seeds can be ground to a second time Fl ¹ ssigkeit added, with the ground seeds in the period between the two dates around temporarily and / or an M ¹ hle to a mixer using of a heavy goods vehicle or transported via a conveyor. The maximum duration of interruptions between various stages of the procedure is about by hygienic requirements.
The invention includes a device for making a Kleistermischung to use material in a pellet mixture, to be processed feed pellets, in which case the device as a circuit device f r ¹ ¹ Fl ssigkeit is, aufweisend a first connection of the circuit device to a water reservoir, a second terminal of the Circulatory device to a donor strength substance, a Fördervorrichtung to promoting Fl ¹ ssigkeit in the circulation device, and an outlet from the circuit device. The starch substance donors, for example, as a Sch ¹ ttgutbehälter or as a feeder of the Sch ¹ ttgutbehälter to the circulation device trained. In the case of a failure ¹ hrungsform a device, the cycle lock on to the sharing or block the circulation device is controllable. Furthermore, the device, for example, a Auslasssperre, at the opening and closing the outlet is controlled.
Preference has an exit ¹ hrungsform the device to create Kleistermischung a temperature sensor to track a temperature in the circulation device, and one with the temperature sensor and possibly with the taxable lock in the outlet control unit connected to an opening signal to the lock output If one of the temperature sensor to the control unit issued a given temperature temperature ¹ berschreitet. An exit ¹ hrungsform the device to create Kleistermischung has a steam injection device, through which steam into the circulatory device is registered. For example, includes the device to create Kleistermischung a Sammeltank in the area of the outlet is such that the Sammeltank Fl ¹ ssigkeit from the circulation device up. The Sammeltank includes about a heating device, especially with a connection to the steam injection device. Prefers Sammeltank also includes an R ¹ hrelement to Umwälzen of Fl ¹ ssigkeit, in particular the Kleistermischung in which Sammeltank.
The invention includes a device for making a pellet mixture material to be processed feed pellets, with a Misc Hein towards the mixing of components of pellet material mix, with the Misc Hein towards a first admission to the introduction of the elements of the pellet material mix, particularly of basic components of material pellet mixture in the direction Misc Hein, a Mixed element to the mix of ingredients in the Misc Hein outlet and a direction to expand the mixture through the outlet, respectively; and a host institution for the introduction of a binder, especially Kleistermischung in the Misc Hein direction is so that the binder, in particular the Kleistermischung, the mixed element with the ¹ brigen components of the material pellet mixture mixed.
The device invention enables the production of material pellet mixture in accordance with the invention process for the manufacture of feed pellets. The pellet material mixture can be ¨ C as described above ¨ C feed pellets at very low raw material and energy costs.
In the case of a failure ¹ hrungsform has the device to create material pellet mix the invention of a device for making Kleistermischung. For example the establishment of the host Misc Hein direction to the outlet of the circuit device and / or at the outlet of the Sammeltanks connected or associated.
Preference is the mixed element of Misc Hein direction for conveying the ingredients of the inlet to the outlet trained. This failure is the hrungsform ¹ Misc Hein direction as a dynamic mixer with Förderwirkung trained. For example, the Misc Hein direction as Konditioneur trained in the water about fl ¹ ssig as fog or steam as the pellet mixture is applied, while the pellet mixture of the inlet to the outlet and promoted with the water vapor to form the basic pellet mixture mixed . If the additional binders applied, is also the reason pellet mixture with the binder to form the material pellet mixture mixed.
In the case of a failure ¹ hrungsform Misc Hein is the direction as Melassiereinrichtung trained. This exit ¹ hrungsform the binder, in particular the Kleistermischung, for example added, while the pellet molasses mixture.
Especially preferred is the host institution as a second intake trained, the downstream of the first inlet f ¹ s the reason pellet mixture of the basic components of the pellet mixture is material. This exit ¹ hrungsform is the host institution ¹ f r the binders, for example, positioned in such a way that minimizes lumps education and the incorporation of the binder pellet into the basic mixture is optimized.
In the case of a failure ¹ hrungsform is dosing of the binder to a control device to control the supply of binders. The control device is equipped with a flow station, which, for example, inductive, the flow rate of the binder in a supply pipe to the host organisation f r ¹ attaches the binders. The control device is also a propelling the Misc Hein direction, so that the tax body ¹ about the volume flow of basic pellet mixture in the Misc Hein direction, for example, on the basis of a snail's speed of the Misc Hein direction, informed. Furthermore, the control device at a loss ¹ hrungsform moisture with a measuring device for measuring the moisture of the snail-funded basic pellet mix. The control unit controls the supply of binders so that the pellet material because of the mix zugef ¹ hrten binder which a given property, for example, a given humidity, as if a Kleistermischung binder is used.
The invention includes a device for the manufacture of feed pellets, aufweisend: a cable to Zuleiten of basic components of a mixture pellet material, especially from a tank, an invention device for the manufacture of pellet material mixed with a pellet mixture of the basic principle of the pellet material and with a mixture Kleistermischung, and a press for pressing pellets of feed material from the pellet mix.
Preference is the invention device for the manufacture of feed pellets as part of a plant for the manufacture of feed pellets trained, for example, the system has some or all of the following components:
¨ ¹ CM hle for grinding grain f ¹ s a pellet basic mixture;
¨ C mixer with a collecting tank for collecting the ground grain and to start Fl ¹ ssigkeit, and Misc Hein with a direction that is dynamic and the mixing of grain ground with the Fl ¹ ssigkeit to a pellet mixture basic plan;
¨ C Vorbehälter to cache the pellet collected basic mixture before the pellet mixture continuously further reason;
¨ C invention of a device for making Kleistermischung;
¨ C invention device to make a pellet material mix with the addition of Kleistermischung as binders;
¨ C Konditioneur and / or containers for storage of material pellet mix to maximise the impact of Kleistermischung pellet material in the mix;
¨ C material Press Press with at least one channel for recording material pellet mixture and pressing out the pellet material Press mixture through the channel from the press materials, so that a strand material from the Press channel occurs, and with a separation no direction to parts of the Materialstrangs in the pellets, if the strand material from the channel occurs Press ;
¨ C K ¹ blower to choose the pellets, and
¨ C ¹ lleinrichtung exit to collect the pellets in a package.
The means of this exemplary facility manufactured feed pellets are at a loss ¹ hrungsform elongated trained and their cross-section corresponds to the cross-section of the canal Press material Press, for example, the cylindrical pellets with a circular cross-trained.
The components of the plant can be grouped so that not the entire plant in the same place is built. For example, can the M ¹ hle for grinding grain in the first place and the blender with the collector may participate in a second location, where the ground seeds of the M ¹ hle to the mixer using trucks or a Fö ; rderbands transported.
The invention also includes a Kleistermischung to use as a binder in a pellet mix material, particularly by applying the invention manufacturing process and / or using the invention manufacturing equipment. Preference is Kleistermischung from parts of a given pellet recipe, because then the value of feed pellets is maximized, from the invention pellet material mixture can be produced. The recipe f ¹ s feed pellets, with the aim of the animal gef ¹ tterten a balanced diet, and include rape, soybean, sunflower, R ¹ benschnitzel, Milo, corn, oats, barley and / or wheat, and water to a predetermined amount of nutrients such as carbohydrates, protein, fat, Rohfasern, minerals, vitamins, etc., provide fodder, on the intended use is optimized. Prefers the recipe has a high proportion of secondary products of the food industry, particularly because the secondary preisg ¹ nstig. At a loss, the hrungsform ¹ Kleistermischung during the Vorhaltens to apply to the basic pellet mixture in a given temperature, the speed of the binding of Kleisters is optimized without the nutrients affected.
If the pellet material, for example, to create mix of feed pellets is, points at a loss ¹ hrungsform the Kleistermischung meal as a first component and water as part of a second. As flour, for example, is either wheat flour or potato flour or rye flour or a mixture of at least two of the above places of flour. In the case of a failure ¹ hrungsform is the weight ratio of flour to water in the Kleistermischung to a maximum f ¹ nf. Preferred way, the ratio to a maximum of four, and especially preferred to a maximum of three. The latter is particularly beneficial relationship, because the effect of Kleisters particularly strong and a lump forming in the Kleistermischung still largely avoided. In the case of a failure ¹ hrungsform, the temperature of a given ¹ blichen room temperature, especially 22 ãC. In a preferred exit hrungsform ¹ ¹ bersteigt the specified temperature ¹ bliche the room temperature. Preferred way is the temperature of the Kleistermischung between 50 ãC and 90 ãC, especially preferred between 60 ãC and 80 ãC, and especially prefers the temperature is about 70 ãC because so one binding occurs very fast and the nutrients particularly well preserved. The temperature above the ambient temperature f ¹ hrt means that the surface tension and viscosity of the Kleistermischung are reduced, leading to an improved effect of wetting f ¹ hrt.
The invention also includes a procedure to prepare Kleistermischung invention, in particular to the Kleistermischung in the invention process to establish a pellet material mix, with the steps:
¨ C together giving the components of Kleistermischung;
¨ C mixing of ingredients to the Kleistermischung, and
¨ C source Kleistermischung Let the source during a given period.
In the case of a failure hrungsform ¹ source, the duration a period of at least about half an hour to about one week, at a preferred least Ausf hrungsform ¹ about three hours to about three days, and especially preferably at least twenty hours to about thirty hours. While ¹ w rde be expected that a source Lens during the fermentation process expected to affect adversely the Kleistermischung impact. However ¹ berraschenderweise shown that the effect of Kleistermischung pellet material in the mix is significantly improved when the Kleistermischung before a pellet addition to the basic mixture time to sources. The above mentioned periods to allow sources thus optimizing the impact of Kleistermischung. The strength of pellets from the pellet material mix with the invention Kleistermischung being particularly large, so to obtain a grant ¹ nschten strength less Kleistermischung needed. 
